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1.
Rev. enferm. Inst. Mex. Seguro Soc ; 25(2): 95-99, Abril.-Jun. 2017. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1031324

ABSTRACT

Resumen


Introducción: el abordaje de las variables conocimiento, motivos y actitudes ante la autoexploración de mama, es fundamental para el diseño e implementación de estrategias que ayuden a un diagnóstico temprano de cáncer de mama.


Objetivo: Identificar el conocimiento, mitos y razones sobre el autoexamen mamario en estudiantes de enfermería de una universidad del estado de Oaxaca.


Metodología: estudio descriptivo transversal, en muestra no probabilística de 114 estudiantes de enfermería, se les aplicó una cédula estructurada de datos personales, antecedentes gineco-obstétricos y factores de riesgo.


Resultados: la edad promedio fue 20 años ± 1.5, el 93% de las estudiantes eran solteras, con nivel socioeconómico bajo el 73% y medio el 27%. La edad de aparición de la menarquia fue a los 12 años, y el 98% de ellas no tiene antecedentes de gesta, partos o abortos. El conocimiento sobre la autoexploración de mama fue bueno en el 59% de las estudiantes. Las principales razones de las estudiantes para realizarse la autoexploración de mama fueron la detección oportuna y saber que están bien; entre los mitos para evitar la misma destacan que es morboso y que los senos se ponen flojos. Conclusiones: se evidenció la carga cultural y familiar de las estudiantes de enfermería respecto a los mitos sobre la autoexploración de mama; así como el conocimiento sobre los aspectos preventivos de detección oportuna y beneficios de la autoexploración.


Abstract


Introduction: The approach to the variables: knowledge, motives and attitudes towards breast self-examination is fundamental for the design and implementation of strategies that help for an early diagnosis of breast cancer.


Objective: To identify the knowledge, myths and reasons on breast self-examination in nursing students from a university in the state of Oaxaca.


Methods: transverse descriptive study was non-probability sampling and the sample was 114. Results: The mean age was 20.2 years. Marital status 93% 7% were single and married. Socioeconomic status has low 73% and 27% average. Of gynecological history obstetrics participants began their menarche at age 12 with 30.7%. The areas of birth, feat and abortions 98.2% of the sample did not exhibit any of these characteristics. Knowledge about breast self-examination (AME) 67% have good knowledge and 47% do not have knowledge. The reasons for the major AEM were opportunely detect and cure cancer, they are well known, between the myths out is morbid, the breasts become loose.


Conclusions: The research evinces that overweight and obesity are risk factors a minimum percentage; also the majority of the population is aware of the AEM. Therefore it is essential preventive strategies aimed at the early detection of breast cancer and that distinguish the myths related to it.


Subject(s)
Humans , Breast Self-Examination , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Healthy Lifestyle , Students, Nursing , Women , Breast Neoplasms , Mexico , Humans
2.
Article in English | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-845944

ABSTRACT

This is a qualitative and descriptive work, which has used the clinical and qualitative method. The sample was composed of nine patients living with HIV. We used the interview technique with semi-structured questions to collect data. The data were analyzed using the method of content analysis. Our objective was to describe the symbolic representations that emerged during the group activity, assigned to patients with HIV/AIDS. We conclude that the symbolic is very strong and representative in the life of this population. The myth surrounding HIV can be overcome by knowledge acquired during meetings in groups. Alternatives that offer care aimed at populations that tend to social isolation and exclusion should be encouraged by health professionals and their managers.


INTRODUÇÃO: As legislações dos países não aceitam o consumo de álcool em adolescentes, mas se observa seu aumento. OBJETIVO: Identificar o efeito dos fatores pessoais no consumo de álcool em adolescentes que estudam. MÉTODOS: Estudo correlacional em adolescentes que estudam, com amostragem aleatória realizando a seleção de uma n= 894, a aplicação de três instrumentos. RESULTADOS: O consumo de álcool alguma vez na vida foi de 65%. Encontram-se efeitos dos fatores de risco; sexo e idade sobre o consumo de álcool (c2=31.23; p=.001; R2= 27%). CONCLUSÕES: Os fatores de risco aumentam o consumo de álcool em adolescentes.


INTRODUCCIÓN: Las legislaciones de los países no aceptan el consumo de alcohol en adolescentes, pero se observa incremento en ellos. OBJETIVO: Identificar el efecto de los factores personales en el consumo de alcohol en adolescentes que estudian. METODOS: diseño correlacional en adolescentes que estudian, con muestreo aleatorio se selecciona una n= 894, se aplican tres instrumentos. RESULTADOS: El consumo de alcohol alguna vez en la vida fue del 65%. Se encuentran efectos de los factores de riesgo; sexo y edad sobre el consumo de alcohol (c2=31.23; p=.001; R2= 27%). CONCLUSIONES: Los factores de riesgo incrementan el consumo de alcohol en adolescentes.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Alcoholism , Risk Factors , Underage Drinking
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